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Bridging the Gap: A Framework for Real-World Video Deepfake Detection via Social Network Compression Emulation

Created by
  • Haebom

Author

Andrea Montibeller, Dasara Shullani, Daniele Baracchi, Alessandro Piva, Giulia Boato

Outline

This paper addresses the problem of deepfake detectors trained in controlled environments failing to generalize when applied to real-world environments due to the proliferation of AI-generated videos on social networks. Aggressive proprietary compression on platforms like YouTube and Facebook is identified as a major cause of the removal of low-level forensic clues. Given the difficulty of replicating these transformations at scale due to API restrictions and data sharing constraints, this paper proposes a framework that emulates the video sharing pipeline of social networks by estimating compression and resizing parameters from a small number of uploaded videos. Using these parameters, we implement a local emulator capable of reproducing platform-specific artifacts on large datasets without direct API access. Experimental results demonstrate that the emulated data closely resembles the degradation patterns of real-world uploaded videos, and that detectors fine-tuned on emulated videos achieve comparable performance to detectors trained on real-world shared media. This research provides a scalable and practical solution that bridges the gap between lab-based training and real-world deployment, particularly in the unexplored area of compressed video content.

Takeaways, Limitations

Takeaways:
Contributes to the development of a deepfake detector applicable to real-world environments by presenting a framework that effectively emulates the video compression and resizing process of social networks.
Addressing API access restrictions and data sharing issues enables training deepfake detectors using large datasets.
Contributes to improving deepfake detection performance for compressed video content.
Limitations:
Emulation may not perfectly match the actual compression process, which may affect detection performance.
The proposed framework may be specific to a specific social network platform and may have difficulties in generalizing to other platforms.
The accuracy of the compression and resizing parameter estimation methods used affects the performance of the overall system.
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