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What Does ‘Human-Centred AI’ Mean?

Created by
  • Haebom

Author

Olivia Guest

Outline

This paper argues against the claim that human-centered artificial intelligence (AI) centers on "human action and experience," arguing that AI can be viewed as a relationship between technology and humans, where artifacts perform human cognitive labor to varying degrees. This argument is supported by comparative analyses of the abacus and mental arithmetic, alarm clocks and human labor, cameras and vision, and toll factories and seamstresses. Using new definitions and analyses, it analyzes sociotechnical relationships as various types of displacement (detrimental), enhancement (beneficial), and/or replacement (neutral) of human cognitive labor. Ultimately, it argues that all AI involves human cognition, and that obscuring cognition hinders critical engagement, distorts cognitive science, and limits the ability to truly center humans in AI systems engineering. It concludes that demystifying AI requires confronting human intervention.

Takeaways, Limitations

Takeaways: By understanding AI as a relationship between technology and humans, this paper provides a framework for systematically analyzing the impact of AI on human cognitive labor (displacement, enhancement, and replacement). By clarifying the cognitive aspects of AI, it provides a clearer direction for human-centered AI development. It emphasizes the importance of critical thinking about AI and human-centered design.
Limitations: The proposed analytical framework lacks empirical validation. Specific application examples for various types of AI systems are lacking. The definition of "human-centeredness" is ambiguous and may not adequately consider the perspectives of various stakeholders. There is a lack of in-depth discussion of the ethical issues surrounding AI systems.
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