This paper reviews supervised quantum machine learning (QML), which lies at the intersection of quantum computing and classical machine learning. We review recent advances, focusing on methods such as variational quantum circuits, quantum neural networks, quantum kernel methods, and hybrid quantum-classical workflows. We also survey recent experimental studies that have partially demonstrated quantum supremacy, and describe current limitations, including noise, barren plateaus, scalability issues, and the lack of formal proofs of performance gains over classical methods. The main contribution is a 10-year outlook outlining the possible developments in supervised QML over the next decade (2025-2035), including a roadmap outlining the conditions under which QML can be used in applied research and enterprise systems in the next decade.