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CASCADE: LLM-Powered JavaScript Deobfuscator at Google

Created by
  • Haebom

Author

Shan Jiang, Pranoy Kovuri, David Tao, Zhixun Tan

Outline

In this paper, we propose CASCADE, a novel hybrid approach to address the problem of JavaScript code obfuscation. CASCADE works by integrating advanced coding features from Gemini with deterministic transformations using JavaScript IR (JSIR). Using Gemini, we identify important prelude functions that form the basis of obfuscation techniques, and perform code transformations using JSIR to recover semantic elements such as original strings and API names, revealing the original program behavior. It overcomes the limitations of existing static and dynamic deobfuscation techniques, achieving reliability and flexibility while eliminating hundreds or thousands of hardcoded rules. It has already been deployed in Google’s production environment and has been shown to significantly improve JavaScript deobfuscation efficiency and reduce reverse engineering efforts.

Takeaways, Limitations

Takeaways:
A novel hybrid deobfuscation technique combining Gemini and JSIR is presented
Reduced dependency on hard-coded rules and increased reliability and flexibility
Verification of efficiency and effectiveness through Google real environment deployment
Provides a practical solution to the problem of JavaScript obfuscation
Limitations:
There is a dependency on Gemini and JSIR (possibly environment-specific)
Further research is needed on adaptability to new obfuscation techniques.
More detailed analysis of CASCADE's performance and effectiveness is needed (e.g., analysis of its effectiveness against specific obfuscation techniques).
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