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There and Back Again: On the relationship between Noise and Image Inversions in Diffusion Models

Created by
  • Haebom

Author

{\L}ukasz Staniszewski, {\L}ukasz Kuci nski, Kamil Deja

Outline

Diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performance in generating new samples, but lack a low-dimensional latent space that encodes data into editable features. Inversion-based methods address this issue by inverting the denoising trajectory to approximate the initial noise. This study thoroughly analyzes this process, focusing on the relationship between the initial noise, the generated samples, and the corresponding latent encoding obtained through DDIM inversion. We find that the latent exhibits structural patterns that predict less diverse noise for smooth image regions (e.g., plain sky). This problem stems from the failure of the first inversion step to provide accurate and diverse noise. Consequently, the DDIM inversion space is significantly less manipulable than the original noise. While existing inversion methods do not completely resolve this issue, a simple solution—replacing the first DDIM inversion step with a forward diffusion process—successfully separates the latent encoding and enables higher-quality editing and interpolation.

Takeaways, Limitations

We analyze the problems of the DDIM inversion method and reveal that its inaccuracy, especially in the initial inversion stage, limits the operability of the latent space.
We found a structural problem that resulted in less diverse noise patterns in smooth image areas.
We point out the limitations of existing inversion methods and propose a simple solution that replaces the first DDIM inversion step with a forward diffusion process, thereby improving performance.
The proposed method successfully separates latent encodings, thereby improving editing and interpolation quality.
Limitations: The paper may require further analysis to determine the specific degree of performance improvement and generalization ability across different image types. Furthermore, information on the practical implementation difficulty of the proposed solution is lacking.
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