Behavioral EconomicsBehavioral economics uses an understanding of human psychology to account for why people deviate from rational action when they’re making decisions. In the model of rational action assumed by traditional economics, a person is expected to weigh the benefits and drawbacks of an action and then choose the option in their own self-interest. Behavioral economic theories are used to explain most everyday decisions, such as what people buy, how they manage their finances, and whether or not they make healthy lifestyle choices.