This paper presents a novel hybrid AI method combining an H-filter and an adaptive linear neural network for flicker component estimation in power distribution systems. This method leverages the robustness of the H-filter to extract the voltage envelope under uncertain and noisy conditions, followed by ADALINE to accurately identify the flicker frequency contained within the envelope. This synergy enables efficient time-domain estimation with fast convergence and noise resilience, addressing the key limitations of existing frequency-domain methods. Unlike existing techniques, this hybrid AI model handles complex power disturbances without prior knowledge of noise characteristics or extensive training. The performance of the method is validated using simulation studies based on IEC standard 61000-4-15, statistical analysis, Monte Carlo simulations, and real-world data. The results demonstrate superior accuracy, robustness, and reduced computational overhead compared to estimators based on the Fast Fourier Transform and Discrete Wavelet Transform.