SurgiSR4K is the first publicly available native 4K resolution surgical image and video dataset specifically designed for robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery (MIS). It reflects a realistic robotic surgical environment, including various visual scenarios such as reflection, instrument occlusion, bleeding, and soft tissue deformation. The super-resolution data can be used for various computer vision tasks such as super-resolution (SR), smoke removal, surgical instrument detection, 3D tissue reconstruction, monocular depth estimation, instance segmentation, novel view synthesis, and vision-language model (VLM) development. It can contribute to the advancement of high-resolution surgical imaging research and the development of intelligent imaging technologies to improve the performance, safety, and usability of image-based robotic surgery.