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Innamark: A Whitespace Replacement Information-Hiding Method

Created by
  • Haebom

Author

Malte Hellmeier, Hendrik Norkowski, Ernst-Christoph Schrewe, Haydar Qarawlus, Falk Howar

Outline

This paper presents Innamark, a novel method for hiding information within text, addressing the growing difficulty in distinguishing between text generated by large-scale language models (LLMs) and human-authored text. Unlike existing language- or format-based methods, which either alter the meaning of the text or are inapplicable to unformatted text, Innamark can hide any byte-encoded sequence within a sufficiently long text while preserving the text's meaning by replacing existing whitespace characters with visually similar Unicode whitespace characters. It provides a multi-platform library, command-line tools, and a web interface implemented in Kotlin, allowing users to configure compression, encryption, hashing, and error correction by specifying the structure of a secret message. Experimental results using a dataset of 1,000,000 Wikipedia articles demonstrate the robustness of Innamark and the undetectable nature of its watermark, which is undetectable to humans. Furthermore, we discuss limitations regarding embedding capacity and the robustness of the algorithm, as well as future research directions.

Takeaways, Limitations

Takeaways:
A new information hiding method (Innamark) that overcomes the limitations of existing methods is presented.
Implementing a technique to hide information in text without changing its meaning.
Improved accessibility with multi-platform libraries, command-line tools, and a web interface.
Flexibility through compression, encryption, hashing, and error correction capabilities.
Performance is proven through experimental validation using a wide range of datasets.
Limitations:
Limitations on embedding capacity
Limitations on the robustness of the algorithm
There are areas for improvement through future research (see the paper for details)
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