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A Summary of Regulations and Actions on Global Artificial Intelligence in 2023

Haebom
With the rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technology, many countries are adopting various approaches to manage its risks. The need for AI regulation has emerged in this process, but there is a gap between the pace of technological progress and policy-making. The Korean government has yet to take an official stance. It would be nice if we could keep up with these issues quickly, but... it's disappointing.
To be precise, it's currently pending in the National Assembly. There were guidelines and laws announced in 2020 and 2021, but they're basically obsolete and don't keep up with today's technology, so they're almost like dead laws. Around ten new bills have come out since the beginning of this year... but they're not being properly discussed in the Assembly.
Country/Region
Countermeasures and Position
European Union (EU)
Announced a 125-page draft AI bill. Focused on “high-risk” uses of AI.
USA
Executive order by President Biden regarding the national security impacts of AI.
Japan
Currently drafting non-binding guidelines for AI technologies.
China
Implementing strict regulations on certain types of AI.
Uk
Concluded that existing laws are sufficient for AI regulation.
Saudi Arabia
Government investment in AI research.
United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Government investment in AI research.
France, Germany, Italy
Oppose strict regulation of general-purpose AI models.

European Union (EU) AI bill:

•
The EU published a 125-page draft law regarding AI in 2021, which was considered a model case for handling AI globally.
•
This bill focuses on the 'high-risk' use of AI and requires certain conditions to be met when AI is used in areas such as law enforcement, school admissions, and recruitment.
•
However, the bill has been criticized for not properly addressing the latest AI models like ChatGPT, and doubts have arisen regarding its effectiveness.
•
Since then, there have been efforts to declare new laws to supplement the existing legislation, but there is a lot of disagreement among member countries.

US AI policy:

•
In the US, President Biden issued an executive order regarding the national security implications of AI.
•
The US Congress and government are having a hard time legislating effectively because of both a shortage of AI expertise and how quickly the technology keeps advancing.

Lack of international cooperation:

•
Due to economic competition and geopolitical distrust, countries tend to establish their own regulations, which is causing problems with a lack of international cooperation.
•
There are also differences in opinions on AI regulation between Europe and the US, making coordinated responses even more challenging.
•
Right now, each country is discussing this on its own without any international dialogue.

Mismatch between technology and policy:

•
AI technology is evolving at breakneck speed, but the laws and policies can't keep up. This hinders both international and domestic efforts to respond to potential harms from AI. (That's always been the case in South Korea, too.)
•
Many countries are experimenting with various approaches to address AI risks, but policies and regulations are still lagging behind the pace of technological advancements.
Personally, I think shaping and regulating the market has a lot of benefits, but those who are in charge of making or enforcing the laws seem to have a different perspective.
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