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ElementaryNet: A Non-Strategic Neural Network for Predicting Human Behavior in Normal-Form Games

Created by
  • Haebom

Author

Greg d'Eon, Hala Murad, Kevin Leyton-Brown, James R. Wright

Outline

This paper points out the shortcomings of the GameNet model, which predicts human strategic decision-making, and presents an improved model, ElementaryNet. GameNet combines a level-k model and a complex neural network-based level-0 model to predict human behavior. However, the excessive flexibility of the level-0 model leaves room for imitating strategic reasoning. In this paper, we prove that the level-0 model of GameNet is in fact too general and proves unable to represent strategic behavior, proposing a new neural network model, ElementaryNet. Experimental results show that ElementaryNet achieves similar prediction performance to GameNet, and that by varying the features of ElementaryNet and interpreting its parameters, we can gain insights into human behavior. This provides evidence for the value of iterative reasoning, the depth of the inference process, and the richness of the level-0 specification.

Takeaways, Limitations

Takeaways:
We propose a new model, ElementaryNet, which addresses the excessive flexibility problem of GameNet's level-0 model and prevents the expression of strategic actions.
We present a novel method for gaining insights into human behavior while maintaining prediction performance similar to GameNet through ElementaryNet.
ElementaryNet's parameter interpretation allows us to better understand the human iterative reasoning process and its depth.
Demonstrated the importance of rich level-0 specifications.
Limitations:
The fact that ElementaryNet's performance is statistically indistinguishable from GameNet's doesn't mean that ElementaryNet completely replaces all of GameNet's strengths. Performance validation in a wider range of gaming environments is needed.
This study was limited to a specific type of game (a non-repeated, simultaneous action game). Generalizability to other types of games needs to be verified.
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